Education
14 terms
AAC (Augmentative and Alternative Communication)
Tools and methods that support or replace spoken language so people can communicate (e.g., symbol boards, text-to-speech, sign, eye-gaze).
Accommodations
Changes to the environment, tools, timing, or expectations that remove barriers so a person can participate on an equal basis.
Assistive Technology (AT)
Tools that reduce barriers and support access, communication, learning, and work (software, devices, environmental controls).
Auditory Processing Disorder (APD)
Differences in how the brain processes sound, leading to difficulty understanding speech (especially in noise) despite typical hearing.
Chunking
Breaking information or tasks into smaller, meaningful units to make them easier to process and complete.
Cognitive Load
The total mental effort used at a given time; high load can overwhelm working memory and regulation.
Dyscalculia
A learning difference that affects the ability to understand numbers, perform calculations, and comprehend mathematical concepts, sometimes called "math dyslexia."
Dysgraphia
A learning difference affecting handwriting, spelling in writing, and organizing thoughts on paper.
Dyspraxia (Developmental Coordination Disorder, DCD)
A motor coordination difference affecting planning and execution of movements (fine/gross), handwriting, sequencing, and self‑care tasks.
Neuroaffirming
Creating spaces, practices, and attitudes that accept and support neurodivergent people as they are, rather than trying to change, fix, or hide their differences.
Twice-Exceptional (2e)
A person who is both gifted (intellectually, creatively, or in specific domains) and has one or more learning differences, disabilities, or neurodivergent conditions.
Universal Design for Learning (UDL)
A framework for designing learning goals, materials, and assessments that are accessible from the start via multiple means of engagement, representation, and action/expression.
Visual Schedules
External, visual plans (lists, cards, timelines) that show what’s happening and in what order, to reduce cognitive load and uncertainty.
Working Memory
The mental workspace that holds and manipulates information for short periods (seconds to minutes) to guide actions.