Working Memory Deficit/WER-king MEM-uh-ree DEF-uh-sit/
Challenges holding and manipulating information over seconds/minutes to guide action.
Andy says:
It’s like juggling too many sticky notes—some fall unless you put them on a board.
Detailed Explanation
Common in ADHD, dyslexia, dyscalculia, and others. Impacts following directions, mental math, reading comprehension, and task switching. Externalizing steps reduces load.
Community Context
Supports help more than willpower: checklists, timers, written instructions, and visual cues.
Quick Tips
- One thing per screen/desk; write steps down
- Use action‑labeled alarms and repeat‑backs
- Provide reference sheets and examples
Do / Don't
- Do: chunk instructions; allow note‑taking
- Don't: rely on long verbal lists
Scientific Context
WM models (phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad) explain limits; scaffolds improve outcomes.
Language Notes
Related: processing speed, executive dysfunction.
Related Terms
Working Memory
The mental workspace that holds and manipulates information for short periods (seconds to minutes) to guide actions.
Executive Dysfunction
Difficulties with a set of mental skills that include working memory, flexible thinking, and self-control.
Chunking
Breaking information or tasks into smaller, meaningful units to make them easier to process and complete.
Visual Schedules
External, visual plans (lists, cards, timelines) that show what’s happening and in what order, to reduce cognitive load and uncertainty.
Accommodations
Changes to the environment, tools, timing, or expectations that remove barriers so a person can participate on an equal basis.
Sources
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